PSG has now won the season-opening cup on 14 separate times.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele found the net early on.
Yet, Marseille struck two times in the closing moments to take a surprise advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking turn of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital leveler in the final moments to send the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping decisive kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all scored successfully for PSG to complete a convincing penalty win.
The record champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this competition for the twelfth time in the last 13 years.